Camera Subsystem(Module) ..

A camera module is an image sensor integrated with control electronics and an interface like CSI, Ethernet or plain raw low-voltage differential signaling.

ISP(Image Signal Processor) controls camera via 3A algorithms -
  1. Auto Exposure (AE) 
  2. Auto White Balance (AWB)
  3. Auto Focus (AF)


Android Camera Module:

ref:

Camera BOF - https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2013-siggraph-camera-bof/Camera-BOF_SIGGRAPH-2013.pdf


Real-time scene change detection assisted with camera 3A: auto exposure, auto white balance, and auto focus - http://spie.org/Publications/Proceedings/Paper/10.1117/12.872586


Android Camera Module - https://source.android.com/devices/camera/index.html


A Camera’s Image Processing Pipeline (part1) - 
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/academic/class/15869-f11/www/lectures/16_camerapipeline1.pdf

A Camera’s Image Processing Pipeline (part2) - 

http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/academic/class/15869-f11/www/lectures/17_camerapipeline2.pdf

Full GPU Image Processing Pipeline for Camera Applications - 

http://on-demand.gputechconf.com/gtc/2014/presentations/S4728-gpu-image-processing-camera-apps.pdf

Color Image Processing Pipeline - http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~kyros/courses/2530/papers/Lecture-03/Ramanath2005.pdf


Libxcam(project for extended camera features, especially 3A process) - https://github.com/01org/libxcam


Single-Sensor Camera Image Processing - http://www.dsp.utoronto.ca/~kostas/Publications2008/pub/bookchapters/bch10.pdf


Getting the Most Out of Your Image-Processing Pipeline  -http://www.ti.com/lit/wp/spry105/spry105.pdf


Signal Processing in Digital Camera - http://av.jpn.support.panasonic.com/support/global/cs/dsc/knowhow/knowhow30.html


Digital Camera Image Formation -

http://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9781461407560-c2.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1338820-p174130078

FlexISP: A Flexible Camera Image Processing Framework - https://research.nvidia.com/sites/default/files/publications/FlexISP.pdf


IIDC Camera Control Library(Capture and control API for IIDC compliant cameras) - http://sourceforge.net/projects/libdc1394/


Libdc1394 Library Support for IEEE 1394 Cameras HOWTO - http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/libdc1394-HOWTO/index.html

Digital Camera Design: An Interesting Case Study - http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~courses/ee8205/lectures/digital-camera-casestudy.pdf